搅拌车刹车失灵的原因及介绍
造成刹车失灵的原因很多，一是对刹车系统缺乏必要的保养，刹车总泵里杂质太多、密封不严、真空助力泵失效、刹车油过脏或几种刹车油混合使用受热后出现气阻、刹车总泵或分泵漏油、储气罐或管路接口漏气；二是由于操作不当导致机件失灵，如长时间下坡会使刹车片摩擦生热、刹车毂炭化、刹车功能完全失效；三是由于严重超载，在重力加速度的作用下，加大了车辆运动惯性，直接导致刹车失灵。
There are many reasons for brake failure. First, there is a lack of necessary maintenance for the brake system. There are too many impurities in the brake master cylinder, the seal is not tight, the vacuum booster pump fails, the brake oil is too dirty or several brake oils are mixed. After heating, there is air resistance, oil leakage from the brake master cylinder or sub cylinder, and air leakage from the air storage tank or pipeline interface; Second, due to improper operation, the machine parts fail. For example, if it goes downhill for a long time, the friction heat of the brake pad, the carbonization of the brake hub and the complete failure of the brake function will be caused; Third, due to serious overload, under the action of gravity acceleration, the vehicle motion inertia is increased, which directly leads to brake failure.
1、根据路况和车速控制好方向，脱开高速挡，同时迅速轰一脚空油，将高速挡换入低速挡。这样，发动机会有很大的牵引阻力使车速迅速降低。另外，在换低速挡的同时，应结合使用手刹，但要注意手刹不能拉紧不放，也不能拉得太慢。如果拉得太紧，容易使制动盘抱死，很可能损坏传动机件而丧失制动能力；如果拉得太慢，会使制动盘磨损烧蚀而失去制动作用。
1. Control the direction according to the road conditions and vehicle speed, disengage the high-speed gear, quickly blow a foot of empty oil at the same time, and shift the high-speed gear into the low-speed gear. In this way, the engine will have great traction resistance and reduce the speed rapidly. In addition, when shifting to low gear, the hand brake should be used in combination, but it should be noted that the hand brake cannot be tightened or pulled too slowly. If it is pulled too tightly, it is easy to lock the brake disc, which is likely to damage the transmission parts and lose the braking capacity; If it is pulled too slowly, the brake disc will be worn and ablated and lose the braking effect.
2、利用车的保险杠、车厢等刚性部位与路边的天然障碍物摩擦、碰撞，达到强行停车脱险的目的，尽可能地减少事故损失。
2. The bumper, carriage and other rigid parts of the car are used to rub and collide with the natural obstacles on the roadside, so as to achieve the purpose of forced parking and escape, and reduce the accident loss as much as possible.
3、上坡时出现刹车失灵，应适时减入中低挡，保持足够的动力驶上坡顶停车。如需半坡停车，应保持前进低挡位，拉紧手制动，随车人员及时用石块、垫木等物卡住车轮。如有后滑现象，车尾应朝向山坡或安全一面，并打开大灯和紧急信号灯，引起前后车辆的注意。
3. In case of brake failure when going uphill, reduce to medium and low gear in time to maintain sufficient power to drive up the slope top and stop. If it is necessary to stop on a half slope, keep the forward low gear, tighten the hand brake, and the accompanying personnel shall timely block the wheels with stones, skids and other objects. In case of rear sliding, the rear of the vehicle should face the hillside or safe side, and turn on the headlights and emergency signal lights to attract the attention of the front and rear vehicles.
4、下坡刹车失灵，不能利用车辆本身的机件控制车速时，驾驶员应果断地利用天然障碍物，如路旁的岩石、大树等，给汽车造成阻力。如果一时找不到合适的地形、物体可以利用，紧急情况下可将车身的一侧向山边靠拢，以摩擦来增加阻力，逐渐地降低车速。
4. When the downhill brake fails and the vehicle cannot use its own parts to control the speed, the driver should decisively use natural obstacles, such as rocks and trees along the road, to cause resistance to the vehicle. If you can't find suitable terrain and objects for use at the moment, one side of the car body can be close to the mountain side in case of emergency, so as to increase the resistance by friction and gradually reduce the speed.
搅拌车车辆在下长坡、陡坡时不管有无情况都应该踩一下刹车。既可以检验刹车性能，也可以在发现刹车失灵时赢得控制车速的时间，也称为预见性刹车。
When the mixer truck goes down a long slope or steep slope, it should step on the brake whether there is any condition or not. It can not only test the brake performance, but also win the time to control the speed when the brake fails, also known as predictive braking.
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